GRUBによるboot時のVGA設定に関するまとめ - よっぱ主義。:
特别注意: 这些参数和我用vga=ask得到的参数还是有区别的. 比如: 0x36D是指1440x900的分辨率(Mac Air). 而在这个表里是1024x640.
Wiki上关于VBE的介绍----1680x1050还没有定义。所以对于这个分辨率的vga代码,不同厂商的定义似乎是不同的.
  4bits 8bits 15bits 16bits 24bits 32bits
10進数 16進数 10進数 16進数 10進数 16進数 10進数 16進数 10進数 16進数 10進数 16進数
320x200 - - - - 781 0x30d 782 0x30e 783 0x30f - -
640x400 - - 768 0x300 801 0x321 802 0x322 803 0x323 804 0x324
640x480 - - 769 0x301 784 0x310 785 0x311 786 0x312 809 0x329
800x500 - - 879 0x36f 880 0x370 881 0x371 882 0x372 883 0x373
800x600 770 0x302 771 0x303 787 0x313 788 0x314 789 0x315 814 0x32e
896x672 - - 815 0x32f 816 0x330 817 0x331 818 0x332 819 0x333
1024x640 - - 874 0x36a 875 0x36b 876 0x36c 877 0x36d 878 0x36e
1024x768 772 0x304 773 0x305 790 0x316 791 0x317 792 0x318 824 0x338
1152x720 - - 869 0x365 870 0x366 871 0x367 872 0x368 873 0x369
1280x1024 774 0x306 775 0x307 793 0x319 794 0x31a 795 0x31b 829 0x33d
1440x900 - - 864 0x360 865 0x361 866 0x362 867 0x363 868 0x364
1400x1050 - - 835 0x343 - - 837 0x345 838 0x346 - -
1600x1200 - - 796 0x31c 797 0x31d 798 0x31e 799 0x31f 834 0x342
1920x1200 - - 893 0x37d - - - - - - - -


「GRUBによる」とタイトルに書きましたが、VESAStandardの設定値なので、LILOを使ったboot処理でもおそらく使えます。
【参考】
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_GMA
http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Framebuffer

Kernel Configuration
Device Drivers ->
    Graphics support  --->
        -*- Support for frame buffer devices  --->
            [*]   Enable firmware EDID
            ...
            *** Frame buffer hardware drivers ***
        Console display driver support  --->
            <*> Framebuffer Console support

uvesafb
Device Drivers ->
    <*> Connector - unified userspace <-> kernelspace linker  --->
    Graphics support ->
        [*] Support for frame buffer devices  --->
            [*] Enable firmware EDID
            ...
            <*> Userspace VESA VGA graphics support

Note: If you need to add v86d to an already existing initramfs source directory, look in /usr/share/v86d/initramfs and copy the files listed there.
General Setup ->
    (/usr/share/v86d/initramfs) Initramfs source file(s)

vesafb
Device Drivers ->
    <*> Connector - unified userspace <-> kernelspace linker  --->
    Graphics support ->
        [*] Support for frame buffer devices  --->
            [*] Enable firmware EDID
            ...
            [*] VESA VGA graphics support

# sudo hwinfo --framebuffer | grep Mode
输出内容示例1:
显卡品牌和型号: NVIDIA GW-P/N@PM898486GTQ14P:0

Model: "NVIDIA GW-P/N@PM898486GTQ14P:0"
======================================
Mode 0x0330: 320x200 (+320), 8 bits
Mode 0x030e: 320x200 (+640), 16 bits
Mode 0x030f: 320x200 (+1280), 24 bits

Mode 0x0334: 320x240 (+320), 8 bits
Mode 0x0335: 320x240 (+640), 16 bits
Mode 0x0336: 320x240 (+1280), 24 bits

Mode 0x0331: 320x400 (+320), 8 bits
Mode 0x0332: 320x400 (+640), 16 bits
Mode 0x0333: 320x400 (+1280), 24 bits

Mode 0x0300: 640x400 (+640), 8 bits
Mode 0x033d: 640x400 (+1280), 16 bits
Mode 0x033e: 640x400 (+2560), 24 bits

Mode 0x0301: 640x480 (+640), 8 bits
Mode 0x0311: 640x480 (+1280), 16 bits
Mode 0x0312: 640x480 (+2560), 24 bits

Mode 0x0362: 768x480 (+768), 8 bits

Mode 0x0303: 800x600 (+800), 8 bits
Mode 0x0314: 800x600 (+1600), 16 bits
Mode 0x0315: 800x600 (+3200), 24 bits

Mode 0x0305: 1024x768 (+1024), 8 bits
Mode 0x0317: 1024x768 (+2048), 16 bits
Mode 0x0318: 1024x768 (+4096), 24 bits

Mode 0x037b: 1280x720 (+5120), 24 bits

Mode 0x0360: 1280x800 (+1280), 8 bits
Mode 0x0361: 1280x800 (+5120), 24 bits

Mode 0x0307: 1280x1024 (+1280), 8 bits
Mode 0x031a: 1280x1024 (+2560), 16 bits
Mode 0x031b: 1280x1024 (+5120), 24 bits

Mode 0x0364: 1440x900 (+1440), 8 bits
Mode 0x0365: 1440x900 (+5760), 24 bits

Mode 0x0347: 1400x1050 (+1400), 8 bits
Mode 0x0348: 1400x1050 (+2800), 16 bits
Mode 0x0349: 1400x1050 (+5600), 24 bits

Mode 0x0345: 1600x1200 (+1600), 8 bits
Mode 0x0346: 1600x1200 (+3200), 16 bits
Mode 0x034a: 1600x1200 (+6400), 24 bits

Mode 0x0368: 1680x1050 (+1680), 8 bits
Mode 0x0369: 1680x1050 (+6720), 24 bits

Mode 0x037c: 1920x1200 (+1920), 8 bits
Mode 0x037d: 1920x1200 (+7680), 24 bits

Mode 0x0352: 2048x1536 (+8192), 24 bits

不过今天挺幸运,在Gentoo Wiki上看到一篇文章,讲Gensplash,里边讲了如何设置vga。大致的步骤是:
1. 安装lrmi, 里边包含一个vbetest工具;
2. 在终端中运行 vbetest,得到显卡支持的所有vga模式;
3. 在每行开头的中括号里的数字再加上512,就是给kernel传的vga的值了。
我的机器运行vbetest的结果是:
VBE Version 3.0
NVIDIA
[256] 640x400 (256 color palette)
[257] 640x480 (256 color palette)
[259] 800x600 (256 color palette)
[261] 1024x768 (256 color palette)
[263] 1280x1024 (256 color palette)
[270] 320x200 (5:6:5)
[271] 320x200 (8:8:8)
[273] 640x480 (5:6:5)
[274] 640x480 (8:8:8)
[276] 800x600 (5:6:5)
[277] 800x600 (8:8:8)
[279] 1024x768 (5:6:5)
[280] 1024x768 (8:8:8)
[282] 1280x1024 (5:6:5)
[283] 1280x1024 (8:8:8)
[304] 320x200 (256 color palette)
[305] 320x400 (256 color palette)
[306] 320x400 (5:6:5)
[307] 320x400 (8:8:8)
[308] 320x240 (256 color palette)
[309] 320x240 (5:6:5)
[310] 320x240 (8:8:8)
[317] 640x400 (5:6:5)
[318] 640x400 (8:8:8)
[352] 1280x800 (256 color palette)
[353] 1280x800 (8:8:8)
[354] 768x480 (256 color palette)
[360] 1680x1050 (256 color palette)
[361] 1680x1050 (8:8:8)
Type a mode number, or 'q' to quit -
比如我选1680x1050、24位模式,vga就是361+512=873。
后来又看了Wiki上关于VBE的介绍,才知道1680x1050的还没有定义。所以对于这个分辨率的vga代码,不同厂商的定义似乎是不同的,看来还不能像传统4:3的那些代码记住就行了。
不论如何,现在终端里的字体终于不再是矮胖型的了。